世界遺產研究中心

圖為波爾多月港
【轉譯自UNESCO新聞稿】

這套由世界遺產委員會在2007年創設的全新監測機制，可派遣正式的專家團隊前往出現特殊急迫情況的世界遺產地。這套監測機制的結果，將代表派遣出去的專家具有調查現況發展的地位，讓世界遺產委員會得以實地獲報當地情勢，掌握有系統的資料數據，採取有效作為。

被初次要求實施強化監測的幾處遺產地包括：

波爾多月港（法國）：在2007年列入《世界遺產名錄》。委員會對2007年下半年柏帝斯大橋遭到毀壞表示遺憾，並要求當地就規劃修建跨河的新橋樑所可能產生的視覺影響提交報告。

廷巴克圖（馬利）：自1988年即列名《世界遺產名錄》，且在2005年因改善對於遺產地內三處清真寺的保護措施並採行管理與保護計畫而由《瀕危世界遺產清單》中脫身。然而委員會對於這些清真寺附近又要增添新建築感到憂慮，特別是阿梅德巴巴文化中心，因此要求對於新建築可能對遺產地產生的影響作出分析。

馬丘比丘（秘魯）：於1983年獲得登錄《世界遺產名錄》。委員會嚴肅的表達對於此地應有的管治失當的擔憂，尤其是當地森林退化、塌方危險、失控的城鎮開發與非法進入古跡等問題。

撒馬爾罕（烏茲別克）：2001年進入《世界遺產名錄》。遭受新建道路和建築的威脅，且缺乏一套適當而有規律的組織架構，危及傳統建築結構的完整性。委員會雖認知到相關的進展措施，但仍要求實施強化監測，以確保目前進行中的發展計畫不會對這個獲得登錄的歷史城市的遺產價值造成負面影響。

強化監測將對2007年即已被要求實施的七處遺產地繼續施行，這七處遺產地全都名列《瀕危世界遺產清單》：德勒斯登易北河谷（德國，2004年登錄陸），耶路撒冷舊城及其城牆（1981年登錄），以及剛果的五處遺產地－維龍加國家公園（1979年登錄），卡胡茲－別加國家公園（1980年登錄），加藍巴國家公園（1980年登錄），薩隆加國家公園（1984年登錄），歐卡皮鹿野生動物保護地（1996年登錄）。

另世界遺產委員會並未修改《瀕危世界遺產清單》，仍維持３０處遺產地列名。

【資料來源：聯合國教科文組織新聞稿 2008/07/10】

World Heritage Committee requests close surveillance of Bordeaux, Machu Picchu, Timbuktu and Samarkand

The World Heritage Committee has asked that “reinforced monitoring” be applied to four properties on UNESCO’s World Heritage List in addition to the seven for which the surveillance mechanism is already in place.

Under the new monitoring mechanism, established by the World Heritage Committee in 2007, regular missions can be dispatched to World Heritage sites subjected to particular stress. The purpose of the monitoring mechanism, which typically involves sending experts to examine developments in situ, is to keep the Committee informed of the situation on the ground on a regular basis and guide it in its actions.

The new sites for which reinforced monitoring has been requested are:

Bordeaux, Port of the Moon (France) on the World Heritage List since 2007. The Committee requested a report on the visual impact of plans for the construction of new river crossings in the city, and regretted the destruction in late 2007 of the Pertuis Bridge.

Timbuktu (Mali), on the World Heritage List since 1988, was removed from the List of World Heritage in Danger in 2005 following improvements in the state of preservation of the three mosques of the site and the adoption of a management and conservation plan. But the Committee is concerned about new constructions near the mosques, notably that of the Ahmed Baba Cultural Centre, and asked for an analysis of their impact on the property.

Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu (Peru), inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1983. The Committee voiced grave concern over governance of the property and noted urgent problems with deforestation, the risk of landslides, uncontrolled urban development and illegal access to the sanctuary.

Samarkand – Crossroads of Cultures (Uzbekistan), on the World Heritage List since 2001, is threatened by new roads and buildings which affect the integrity of its traditional urban fabric, in the absence of an adequate regulatory framework. The Committee recognized progress achieved but asked for reinforced monitoring to ensure that development plans underway did not have a negative impact on the values for which the historic town was inscribed.

Reinforced monitoring continues to be applied for seven other sites for which it was requested already in 2007. All seven are on the List of World Heritage in Danger:

Dresden Elbe Valley (Germany, inscribed in 2004); Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls (inscribed in 1981); and the five World Heritage sites of Democratic Republic of the Congo: Virunga National Park (inscribed in 1979), Kahuzi-Biega National Park (inscribed in 1980), Garamba National Park (inscribed in 1980), Salonga National Park (inscribed in 1984), Okapi Wildlife Reserve (inscribed in 1996).

The Committee made no changes to the List of World Heritage in Danger which still contains 30 sites.

Source:UNESCO Press Release N°2008-61, 10-07-2008.

波爾多月港

廷巴克圖

馬丘比丘

撒馬爾罕